Japan has one of the world’s most respected healthcare systems, and Tokyo residents and long-term visitors have access to genuinely high-quality, affordable care once enrolled.
National Health Insurance
Residents staying over 3 months are required to enroll in either Employee Health Insurance (through an employer) or National Health Insurance (Kokumin Kenko Hoken) for the self-employed and others. Premiums are income-based, typically ¥15,000–30,000/month, and cover 70% of most medical costs, leaving just 30% out of pocket.
For Short-Term Visitors
Tourists and short-stay visitors aren’t required to have Japanese insurance, but travel insurance is strongly recommended — uninsured care can be expensive, particularly for anything beyond routine treatment, and Japanese hospitals generally expect payment at time of service from the uninsured.
Quality of Care
Japan consistently ranks among the top countries globally for healthcare outcomes and life expectancy. English-speaking doctors are more common in central Tokyo and at international clinics, though smaller neighbourhood clinics may have limited English support.
Pharmacies
Pharmacies (yakkyoku) are widely available, and many common medications require a prescription that aren’t over-the-counter in Western countries, so bring a supply or a clear prescription record if you take regular medication.
Emergency Care
Call 119 for ambulance service. Major hospitals in central Tokyo, including St. Luke’s International Hospital, are well-equipped to handle English-speaking patients and emergencies.
The Bottom Line
For residents, Japan’s healthcare system is genuinely excellent and affordable once enrolled. For short-term visitors, travel insurance is the sensible safety net given the cost of uninsured care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is dental care covered under National Health Insurance?
Yes, basic dental care is covered at the same 70% reimbursement rate as general medical care, though cosmetic procedures are not.